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南海作为东亚季风系统的关键区域，其高沉积速率特征使得该区沉积物完整记录了全球气候变化信号和区域环境演化历史。本研究基于南海西北陆坡DZ6孔的高分辨率硅藻记录，重建末次盛冰期以来南海西北部的古海洋环境演变及其对全球气候变化的响应。本研究利用暖水种和沿岸种硅藻组合变化，分别反映南海西北部表层海水温度（SST）和表层海水盐度（SSS）的变化趋势，并揭示上述环境因素对东亚季风变化的响应。研究结果表明，8～7 cal.kaBP期间，浅海种Paralia sulcata相对含量的骤降记录了琼州海峡的开启；末次盛冰期和冰消期期间，南海西北部SSS变化主要受东亚夏季风调控，SST变化主要受控于东亚冬季风；全新世以来南海西北部SSS变化受多种因素共同控制，而SST变化则主要受厄尔尼诺-南方涛动（ENSO）调控。本研究揭示了东亚季风、ENSO以及海平面变化对南海西北部古海洋环境的复合调控机制，为理解全球变暖背景下南海海洋环流-气候系统演变趋势提供了科学依据。
Abstract：As a key region of the East Asian monsoon system, the South China Sea(SCS) is characterized by high sedimentation rates, allowing its sediments to preserve comprehensive records of both global climate change and regional environmental evolution. This study reconstructs the paleoceanographic environmental evolution of the northwestern SCS since the Last Glacial Maximum(LGM) based on high-resolution diatom records from Core DZ6 on the northwestern continental slope. By analyzing variations in warm-water and coastal diatom assemblages, we infer changes in sea surface temperature(SST) and sea surface salinity(SSS) in the northwestern SCS and explore their responses to East Asian monsoon dynamics. The results indicate that a sharp decline in the relative abundance of the shallow-water species Paralia sulcata at 8～7 cal.kaBP marks the opening of the Qiongzhou Strait. During the LGM and deglaciation, SSS variations in the northwestern SCS were primarily controlled by the East Asian Summer Monsoon, while SST changes were mainly influenced by the East Asian Winter Monsoon. In the Holocene, SSS variations were regulated by multiple factors, whereas SST fluctuations were predominantly driven by the El Ni??o-Southern Oscillation(ENSO). This study reveals the combined effects of the East Asian monsoon, ENSO, and sea-level change on the paleoceanographic environment of the northwestern SCS, providing critical insights into the future evolution of the SCS's ocean circulation-climate system under global warming.
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基本信息:
DOI：10.16562/j.cnki.0256-1492.2025061201
中图分类号:P736
引用信息:
[1]王欣怡,李冬玲,郑旭峰,等.南海北部末次盛冰期以来的硅藻记录及其古环境意义[J].海洋地质与第四纪地质,2026,46(01):1-16.DOI:10.16562/j.cnki.0256-1492.2025061201.
基金信息:
黄土与第四纪地质国家重点实验室开放基金课题“南海晚更新世以来的海洋环境定量重建”(SKLLQG2402)